Treatments

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that causes airflow obstruction, making it difficult to breathe. It primarily includes two conditions: chronic bronchitis (inflammation and mucus production in the airways) and emphysema (damage to the alveoli, or air sacs, in the lungs). COPD is commonly caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, or occupational dust and chemicals. Symptoms include persistent cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, and frequent respiratory infections. COPD is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide and has no cure, but it can be managed through medications, pulmonary rehabilitation, lifestyle changes, and, in severe cases, oxygen therapy or surgery.